渤海—鲁西地区白垩-早第三纪裂谷活动——火山岩的地球化学证据   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

侯贵廷  钱祥麟  蔡东升 《地质科学》2003,38(1):13-21

渤海—鲁西地区的白垩早第三纪火山岩在渤海东部主要沿郯庐断裂带呈北北东向分布,在渤海西部和鲁西地区主要沿北西向断裂带分布。白垩纪火山岩以安山岩类为主,早第三纪以玄武岩类为主,玄武岩浆源于富集型地幔,即富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,但明显亏损Yb、Ni和Cr等元素。火山岩的Sr和Nd同位素初始比值结果表明白垩纪的火山岩来源于Ⅱ型富集地幔,而早第三纪火山岩来源于接近原始地幔的略富集型地幔。这可能由于早第三纪岩石圈大规模伸展减薄,致使上地幔深部的亏损型物质上涌参与岩浆活动,与富集型地幔混染的结果。  相似文献   

Atmospheric Methyl Iodide at Cape Grim, Tasmania, from AGAGE Observations     

D. S. Cohan  G. A. Sturrock  A. P. Biazar  P. J. Fraser 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2003,44(2):131-150

Atmospheric mixing ratios of methyl iodide (CH₃I) and other methyl halides have been measured at Cape Grim, Tasmania (41°S, 145°E), since early 1998 as part of the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE). This paper analyses about 1700 ambient air CH₃I measurements from the 14-month period (March 1998–April 1999). Mixing ratios peaked during the summer, despite faster photolytic loss, suggesting local oceanic emissions were about 2.2–3.6 times stronger in summer than in winter. Back trajectories show that CH₃I levels are strongly dependent on air mass origin, with highest mixing ratios in air from the Tasman Sea/Bass Strait region and lowest levels in air originating from the Southern Ocean at higher latitudes. CH₃I mixing ratios were not well correlated with other methyl halides in unpolluted marine air. The large variations with season and air mass origin suggest that high frequency, continuous data from key locations will make a significant contribution to the understanding of sources and sinks of this important short-lived atmospheric species.  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地区燕山期构造特征与原型盆地   总被引：11，自引：7，他引：11  

周立宏  李三忠  刘建忠  高振平 《地球物理学进展》2003,18(4):692-699

结合近几年来渤海湾盆地区深层地震勘探与解释的成果，重点论述了渤海湾盆地区燕山期构造特征与盆地原型，提出燕山期构造变形样式总体在纵向上可分为三个构造层，分别称为上部、中部和下部；横向上总体可分为三个构造带，西部为向西逆冲的薄皮逆冲带，中部为冲断—走滑带，东部为厚皮褶皱—冲断带，主体由两期挤压方向皆为NW—SE向的褶皱—逆冲变形形成；并将其演化分为三个阶段：燕山早期、燕山中期和燕山晚期。但是，渤海湾盆地区燕山期的构造变形特征和原型盆地有所变化，其空间上的差异是基底构造格局及其空间差异叠合的结果。综合其它研究结果还表明，渤海湾盆地区燕山期构造是在西太平洋大陆边缘弧的挤压构造背景下，陆内壳下拆沉和壳内挤出逃逸构造的综合动力作用下形成的。  相似文献   

渤海盆地现代构造应力场与强震活动   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

陈国光  徐杰  马宗晋  邓起东  张进  赵俊猛 《地震学报》2004,26(4):396-403

渤海位于北华北新生代裂陷盆地的东部，是一个晚第四纪形成的内陆海盆. 渤海盆地活动断裂发育，地震活动强烈，交会于渤海中部的NE向营口——潍坊断裂带北段、庙西北——黄河口——临邑断裂带及NW向北京——蓬莱断裂带是主要的活动构造带，将海区分成4个次级新构造区，成为现代应力场作用的构造基础. 综合研究38个震源机制解和75个井区应力场等资料，以及构造应力场二维数值模拟计算结果表明，渤海及其邻区现代构造应力场的压应力方向为NE60～90，张应力为SN——NW30；以水平和近水平应力作用为主；不同构造区主应力方向存在一定的差异. 现今渤海地区地壳发育以NNE——NE和NW——WNW走向的共轭剪切破裂为特征，是控制地震活动的主要构造.   相似文献   

黄渤海大风的客观相似预报   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

颜梅  范宝东满柯郑永光  陶祖钰 《气象科技》2004,32(6):467-470

以MICAPS资料为基础，海平面气压资料为指标，设计了一种通过计算相似系数查找相似形势，制作黄、渤海地区24h大风的客观预报方法，并建立了包括109个大风历史个例资料库。试验结果表明，风速预报的平均误差在20％以下，满足大风预报业务的要求。相似法具有不需依赖国外资料及计算简单迅速的特点，它不仅是现在日常业务的一个补充，更重要的是，它是一种可以在战争等非常情况下使用的预报方法。  相似文献   

A detailed receiver function image of the sedimentary structure in the Bohai Bay Basin   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Tianyu Zheng 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2005,152(3):129-143

If the site at which receiver functions are constructed is filled by sediments, then the waveforms from these receiver functions are dominantly controlled by the sedimentary structures within the first few seconds after the direct P arrival. Based on this observation, waveform data collected at 44 temporary seismic stations have been used to image the sedimentary structure of the Bohai Bay Basin, a major continental petroliferous basin in Eastern China. An adapted hybrid global waveform inversion method was applied to the receiver functions to extract structural information beneath each of the stations. The derived S-velocity structure provides for the first time, a basin-scale seismic image of detailed sedimentary stratification. The sedimentary cover of the basin is about 2-12 km thick, consisting of Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic strata from top to bottom. The structural features presented in the S-velocity image coincide quite well with the depression-uplift type of tectonic system in the Bohai Bay Basin. The reconstructed morphology of the sedimentary layers provides seismological evidence for the two-stage evolution of the intracontinental basin that were caused by an intensive tectonic regime transition in late Mesozoic immediately following the lithospheric reforming of the Eastern China continent.  相似文献   

HOLOCENE CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN THE DENMARK STRAIT REGION - A LAND-SEA CORRELATION OF NEW AND EXISTING CLIMATE PROXY RECORDS     

CAMILLA S. ANDRESEN  SVANTE BJORCK 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2005,87(1):159-174

ABSTRACT. Two well dated Holocene sediment records bordering the Denmark Strait region have been used to reconstruct past climate variability. The content of biogenic silica, classic and organic material and moss in a lacustrine record from Lake N14 has been used to infer past variability in precipitation and temperature in southern Greenland. Sedimentologic and petrologic composition of sand in a shelf sediment record from the Djúpáll trough is used to infer past variability in the northwestern storm activity on northwestern Iceland, which probably also affected the inflow of polar waters from the East Greenland Current. Our evaluation of these records with a number of previous studies from the region documents Holocene climatic optimum conditions peaking between 8000 and 6500 calendar years before present (cal yr BP). Mid-Holocene climate deterioration set in around 5000 cal yr BP followed by a further marked setback around 3500 cal yr BP. A stacking of climate variability on a centennial timescale from previous studies in the area shows a fairly good correspondence to the timing of marked cold and warm events as evidenced from the Lake N14 and the Djúpáll trough records. Cooler periods are explained as the response to marked incursions of ice-laden polar water from the Arctic Ocean to the Denmark Strait region. Cool northerly and northwesterly winds along the East Greenland coast in relation to frequent strong atmospheric low pressure in the Barents Sea, coupled with strong high pressure over Greenland, would have favoured southward export of polar waters. A comparison with the proxy records of nuclide production (¹⁴C and ¹⁰Be) suggests that solar activity may have had some influence on the atmospheric pressure distribution in the Denmark Strait region.  相似文献   

Structure of Palaeogene sediments in east Ellesmere Island: Constraints on Eurekan tectonic evolution and implications for the Nares Strait problem     

K. Saalmann  F. Tessensohn  K. Piepjohn  W. von Gosen  U. Mayr 《Tectonophysics》2005,406(1-2):81-113

The “Nares Strait problem” represents a debate about the existence and magnitude of left-lateral movements along the proposed Wegener Fault within this seaway. Study of Palaeogene Eurekan tectonics at its shorelines could shed light on the kinematics of this fault. Palaeogene (Late Paleocene to Early Eocene) sediments are exposed at the northeastern coast of Ellesmere Island in the Judge Daly Promontory. They are preserved as elongate SW–NE striking fault-bounded basins cutting folded Early Paleozoic strata. The structures of the Palaeogene exposures are characterized by broad open synclines cut and displaced by steeply dipping strike-slip faults. Their fold axes strike NE–SW at an acute angle to the border faults indicating left-lateral transpression. Weak deformation in the interior of the outliers contrasts with intense shearing and fracturing adjacent to border faults. The degree of deformation of the Palaeogene strata varies markedly between the northwestern and southeastern border faults with the first being more intense. Structural geometry, orientation of subordinate folds and faults, the kinematics of faults, and fault-slip data suggest a multiple stage structural evolution during the Palaeogene Eurekan deformation: (1) The fault pattern on Judge Daly Promontory is result of left-lateral strike-slip faulting starting in Mid to Late Paleocene times. The Palaeogene Judge Daly basin formed in transtensional segments by pull-apart mechanism. Transpression during progressive strike-slip shearing gave rise to open folding of the Palaeogene deposits. (2) The faults were reactivated during SE-directed thrust tectonics in Mid Eocene times (chron 21). A strike-slip component during thrusting on the reactivated faults depends on the steepness of the fault segments and on their obliquity to the regional stress axes.Strike-slip displacement was partitioned to a number of sub-parallel faults on-shore and off-shore. Hence, large-scale lateral movements in the sum of 80–100 km or more could have been accommodated by a set of faults, each with displacements in the order of 10–30 km. The Wegener Fault as discrete plate boundary in Nares Strait is replaced by a bundle of faults located mainly onshore on the Judge Daly Promontory.  相似文献   

基于拉格朗日拟序结构的吕宋海峡表层水交换研究     

郑哲昊  庄伟  胡建宇  吴泽轮  刘长建 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):21-32

黑潮通过吕宋海峡入侵南海呈现明显的瞬态特征。以往的研究通常将黑潮在吕宋海峡附近的流态分为几种不同类型。本文基于表层地转流计算得到的有限时间李雅普诺夫指数场（FTLE），展示了拉格朗日视角下的吕宋海峡上层水交换特征。从FTLE场提取的拉格朗日拟序结构（LCSs）很好地识别了吕宋海峡附近的典型流态和旋涡活动。此外，这些LCSs还揭示了吕宋海峡周围复杂的输运路径和流体域，这些特征得到了卫星跟踪浮标轨迹的验证，且从流速场中是无法直接识别的。FTLE场显示，吕宋海峡附近表层水体的输运形态主要可分为四类。其中，黑潮直接向北流动的“跨越”形态和顺时针旋转的“流套”形态的发生频次明显高于直接进入南海的黑潮分支“渗入”形态和南海水流出至太平洋的“外流”形态。本文还进一步分析了黑潮在吕宋海峡处的涡旋脱落事件，突出强调了LCSs在评估涡旋输运方面的重要性。反气旋涡旋的脱落个例表明，这些涡旋主要源自黑潮“流套”，涡旋脱落之前可有效地俘获黑潮水。LCS所指示的输运通道信息有助于预测最终被反气旋涡所挟卷水体在上游的位置。而在气旋涡的形成过程中，LCS的分布特征表明，大部分气旋涡并未与黑潮水的输运路径相连通。因此，气旋涡对从太平洋到南海的上层水交换的贡献较小。  相似文献   

渤海湾表层沉积物元素地球化学分布特征与影响因素     

张连杰  朱龙海  张盼  赵博  王鹏 《海洋科学》2019,43(6):78-87

对取自渤海湾的307个表层沉积物进行了元素测试和粒度分析。渤海湾表层沉积物的常微量元素呈现4种组合:富集于粗粒沉积区的SiO_2、Na_2O亲碎屑元素组合;富集于细粒沉积区的以Al_2O_3和重金属元素为代表的亲黏土元素组合;与缺氧环境有关的MnO、V、TOC元素组合和与河流输入有关的陆源CaO、TiO_2元素组合。粒度粗细主导了渤海湾元素含量分布的整体格局;海域河流物源供应不同较大影响了渤海湾南部(富Na_2O、CaO和SiO_2)和北部(富Ba和P_2O_5)在元素含量上的差异;高流速潮流对海底的冲刷再分配导致曹妃甸南侧Sr、Ca元素的条带状富集异常;有机质在细粒沉积区的富集导致缺氧环境的形成和K_2O、Mn、V、自生黄铁矿的海洋自生化学沉积;人类活动导致以Pb为代表的重金属污染在河流入海口、港口及沿岸海域的元素分布异常;曹妃甸沙坝内侧的泻湖(海洋钙质生物沉积)与沙坝外侧水下岸坡(陆源碎屑沉积)的截然不同的物源,导致了独特地貌沉积环境下元素分布的局部差异。  相似文献